Breaker plate release mechanism for single roll crusher



March 7, 1961 DANYLUKE 2,973,908

BREAKER PLATE RELEASE MECHANJLSM FOR SINGLE ROLL CRUSHELR 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 2, 1958 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

March 7, 1961 o. DANYLUKE BREAKER PLATE RELEASE MECHANISM FOR SINGLE ROLL CRUSHER 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 2, 1958 INVENTOR. 08m; fla/ylaii'e, m a w ATTORNEYS.

March 7, 1961 DANYLUKE 2,973,908

BREAKER PLATE RELEASE MECHANISM FOR SINGLE ROLL CRUSHER Filed June 2, 1958 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG. 4.

INVENTOR.

062% Jazzy/M0, BY 941$ w A TTORNEYS.

United States Patent BREAKER PLATE RELEASE MECHANISM FOR SINGLE ROLL CRUSHER Ostap Danyluke, Newtown Square, Pa., assignor to Bath Iron Works Corporation, Bath, Maine, a corporation of Maine Filed June 2, 1958, Ser. No. 739,264

7 Claims. (Cl. 241-32) This invention relates to apparatus for crushing friable material, and more particularly relates to a single roll crusher and to improved mechanism for allowing the crusher plate in a roll type crushing machine to move away from the crushing roll when the material passing through the machine is uncrushable.

It has long been a. problem to provide satisfactory means for yieldably supporting a breaker plate in a single roll crusher so that the breaker plate releases to pass uncrushable material and thereby avoid damage to the crusher.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved breaker plate release mechanism which overcomes the problems and disadvantages of the prior art.

It is another object of this invention to provide breaker plate release mechanism which takes up little space.

It is another object of this invention to provide breaker plate release mechanism which utilizes a spring which is smaller, and yet stronger, than the springs which are conventionally used.

It is another object of this invention to eliminate tilting of, and to eliminate variation in, the longitudinal length of the torsion spring which constitutes an element of the invention. I

Other objects and advantages of this invention, including its simplicity and economy, as well as the ease with which it is adaptable to existing equipment, will further become apparent hereinafter and in the drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a view in top plan of a single roll crusher constructed in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view in side elevation taken as indicated by the lines and arrows IIII which appear inFig. 1; W Y V p Fig. 3 is an enlarged view in perspective and partially broken away of the breaker plate release mechanism of this invention; and i Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the breaker plate'release mechanism of Fig. 3. j

In describing the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings, specific terminology will be resorted to for the sake of clarity. However, it is not Patented Mar. 7, 1961 Crusher'roll 12 is normally rotated slowly at about 25 to r.p.m. by a drive mechanism which includes sheave 16, drive shaft 17, pinion 18, gear 21, and roll shaft 22.

Breaker plate 14 is provided with hinge shaft 23 ,by which breaker plate 14 is hingedly connected at its upper end to the frame of the crusher. Breaker plate 14 is also provided with hold back rod mechanism 24 which limits the rotation of breaker plate 14 in the direction of crusher roll 12. Hold back rod mechanism 24 includes a clevis 25 which is pivotally joined to breaker plate 14 by pin 26, turnbuckle 27, hold back rod 28, and hold back spring 31. Hold back mechanism 24 has its rod 28 slidingly engaged in an upstanding apertured lug 32 on the frame of the crusher.

Breaker plate release mechanism 15 includes two spaced pairs of toggle links 35, 35a and 36, 36a, a crosswise shaft 33 common to the link pairs, and respectively associated right and left-hand wound torsion springs 34, 34a surrounding the shaft 33 respectively inwardly adjacent said link pairs.

Referring now moreparticularly to Figs. 3 and 4, toggle link 35 is provided with a stop flange 37 at one end and with a spacer 38 at the other, and its stop flange end is pivotally connected to shaft 33 with its spacer end 1 being pivotally connected to ears 41 on the breaker plate 14 by a toggle hinge pin 42.

Toggle link 36 has one end pinned to shaft 33 by pin 43 and has the other end pivotally connected by toggle hinge pin 44 to a clevised block 45 which is mounted on the frame of the crusher. Shims 46 are provided for varying the position of block 45.

An inner retainer disk 47 is provided for spring 34, and disk 47 has formed therewith a cylindrical collar 48 which is pinned to shaft 33 by pin 51. Retainer disk 47 has an anchoring shoulder 52 to which end 53 of spring 34 is anchored.

Also provided for spring 34 is outer retainer disk 54 having formed therewith a cylindrical spacing collar 55 which is mounted free on shaft 33. Disk 54 has formed I I therein an anchoring shoulder 56 to which the other end 57 of spring 34 is anchored. Extending from spacer collars 55 is a radial arm 58 having a head 59. Head 59 is part of, a mechanism for adjusting the tension on spring 34, which mechanism also includes a lateral lug pro- V jection on the toggle link 35. The lug 62 is threaded to receive adjusting bolt 63 Wherewith is associated a jamb nut 64. It is to be understood that thetoggle links 35a,

' 36a are of the same construction as the toggle links 35,

intended to to be limited to the specific terms so selected,

breakerplate 14 normally positioned a predetermined distance away from crusher roll 12 and in operativerelationship therewith for crushing the friable material be- 1 tween roll 12 and breaker plate 14, andbreaker plate release mechanism 15 for releasing breaker plate 14 from its normal position in order to pass uncrushable material without damaging the crusher.

36 and are connected respectively to the breaker plate 14'and toaclevis block 45a as shown in Fig. l, in like manner. It is' alsoto be understood that similarly arranged confining disks 47a and 54a are provided for the torsion spring 34a.

In operation, the friable material which is to be crushed enters the crusher through hopper 11 and is crushed between crusher roll 12 and breaker plate 14. Uncrushable material, such as a large'piece of metal, is permitted to pass between crusher roll 12and breaker plate 14 by releasing breaker plate 14 so that it pivots about hinge shaft 23 ina counterclockwise direction. This is accom:

plished by releasing the breaker release mechanism 15.

In so releasing, toggle links 35, 35 and 36, 36a break upwardly against the force of torsion springs 34, 34a.

Upon passing the large uncrushable object, the force of ii i the springs'34, 34a, returns the toggle links to normal position with the stop flanges 37 and 37a ofthe links 35, a engaging the links 36,-36a respectively;

Provision is made for adjusting the force of torsion springs 35, 35a, by varying the position of adjusting bolt I 63, and provision is'made for adjusting the position'of .itoggl'e'links 3 5, 36 by varying the position of cle'vis blocks 45 and 45a by. adding or removing shims t 6 and 464..

Alignment of the various parts is insured by providing alignment bolts, such as bolts 65 and 68, which ride in alignment grooves such as grooves 71 and 74 which are formed in toggle hinge pins 42 and 44. Provisions are made for including grease fittings such as 66 and 67 at all points of movement.

Conventional breaker plate release mechanism for single roll crushers have been bulky and have taken up considerable space. Release mechanism 15, on the other hand, is compact and requires a minimum of space for its accommodation.

The single roll crusher shown in the drawings uses torsion springs made of torsion spring material which is of rectangular cross section. Because of the rectangular cross section, as the torsion springs are subjected to stress, they tend to tilt, twist, and vary in longitudinal length. Accordingly, retainer disks are provided which confine the torsion springs and eliminate the detrimental efiect of tilting, twisting, and variation in longitudinal length.

However, on smaller type crushers, the torsion springs may be made of round or square wire. In this case, no retainers are required, since spring wire of these conformations form stable torsion springs which do not tend to tilt, twist, turn, or vary in longitudinal length. Moreover, for smaller type crushers, the breaker plate release mechanism of my invention may comprise but a single pair of toggle links and a torsion spring organized as in Fig. 3, with the mechanism disposed centrally of the crusher beneath the hold back means 24, as will be readily appreciated.

It is to be understood that the form of the invention herein shown and described is to be taken as a preferred embodiment. Various changes may be made in the shape, size and arrangement of parts. For example, equivalent elements may be substituted for those illustrated and described herein, parts may be reversed, and certain features of the invention may be utilized independently of the use of other features, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. Breaker plate release mechanism for use in connection with a crusher having a rotary crusher roll and a breaker plate normally positioned a definite distance from the crusher roll; said release mechanism comprising two pairs of toggle links in laterally spaced reation, oneelink of each pair pivotally connected to the breaker plate, and the other link of each pair pivotally connected to a stationary anchorage; a cross shaft forming the common pivotal connection between the component links of the respective pairs, said shaft being fixed in one of the links of each pair; stop means for maintaining the component links of the respective pairs complementally inclined relative to each other normally at angles slightly inclined to the horizontal; and a helical torsion springassociated with each pair of the links, said springs surrounding the shaft and being arranged to yieldingly resist relative movement between the toggle links of the respective pairs during operation of the release mechanism.

2. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the breaker plate of the crusher is pivotally supported at its upper end, and wherein the one link of each pair is pivotally connected to the lower end of the breaker plate.

3. The invention according to claim 1, wherein each spring is confined between retainer disks, one of said disks being rotatively free on the shaft and the other of said disks being afiixed to the shaft, wherein opposite ends of the spring are connected respectively to said disks, and wherein the rotatively free disk has a radial arm engaged with a lateral lug projection on one of the toggle links.

4. The invention according to claim 3, wherein the respective springs are disposed on the cross shaft immediately inward of the respective pairs of links, and wherein one such spring is right-hand wound and the other such spring is left-hand wound.

5. The invention according to claim 3, wherein the lug of one toggle link of each pair carries an adjustable screw for engagement by the radial arm of the corresponding freely mounted retainer disk.

6. In breaker plate release mechanism for a crusher having a rotary crusher roll and a breaker plate normally positioned a definite distance from the crusher roll, said release mechanism comprising a pair of toggle links, one link pivotally connected to the breaker plate and the other link pivotally connected to a stationary anchorage; a shaft forming a common pivotal connection between the two links, said shaft being fixed in one of the links; and stop means for maintaining the links inclined relative to each other normally at complemental angles slightly inclined to the horizontal including a helical torsion spring surrounding the shaft, a pair of retainer disks between which the spring is confined, one rotatively free on the shaft and the other affixed to the shaft, between the disks and to which the opposite ends of the springs are connected respectively, and a radial arm on the rotatively free disk engaged with a lateral lug projection on one of the toggle links.

7. The invention according to claim 6, wherein the lug projection on the one toggle link carries an adjustable screw for engagement by the radial arm of the corre sponding freely mounted retainer disk in the shaft.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 942,939 Selley Dec. 14, 1909 1,409,869 Krider Mar. 14, 1922 2,312,823 Krider Mar. 2, 1943 2,426,513 Linn Aug. 26, 1947 2,692,098 Schmued et al. Oct. 19, 1954 Attesting Officer UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATION OF CORRECTION March 7, I961 Ostap Danyluke I It is hereby certified 'that erent requiring co ror appears in t rrection and that t corrected below.

he above numbered pat he said Letters Patent should read as Column 1,

line 56, column 3, line strike out "to" 46, for

second occurrence; reation" read relation (SEAL) Attest:

ERNEST W. SWIDER DAVID L. LADD Commissioner of Patents 

